First and foremost dogs are not stubborn. This is a myth. What we see as stubborn is what I call handler mistakes and dogs doing what they have been allowed to do. For example, if your dog doesn’t come to you until the 10th time you call them you might say they are stubborn.
I would say, you have trained your dog that it’s the 10th time they should come and not the first time. So it has nothing to with being stubborn. It has everything to do with the fact you did not set the standards to one command, one reaction, one result. Come, a dog doesn’t come, you go get them. This results in ONE command, ONE reaction ( dog coming to you ) and one result ( solid recall ).